But that is changing; increasingly television journalists are also expected to be technicians. Ever decreasing budgets for news.. gathering operations mean cheaper and more efficient ways of maintaining coverage have to be found. For the generation of new journalists hoping to pursue a career in television, nn1lti-skilling is the watchword for editors and managers. The advent of the video journalist means TV reporters are, like radio reporters, likely to become increasingly responsible for producing the piece from start to finish. New technology, significantly the advent of small cameras such as OV cams which are relatively inexpensive and produce broadcast quality pictures, means the picture gathering capabilities of news operations can be increased.
ITN in London introduced video journalists as part of its news team about three years ago. It currently employs twelve of them around the country to provide coverage in areas previously served by its regional bureaux. They tend to be journalists with around 1-2 years' reporting experience, or occasionally straight from college or university, who are given basic training in camera skills. Most see the job as a stepping stone to other positions. The video journalist is seen as a complementary resource to the conventional team of cameraman and reporter, and because they work from home as roving reporters they can very quickly be on the scene of a breaking story in their patch. It means if a journalist is first at the scene they don't have to wait for the crew to arrive; they can hang around to pick up footage from press conferences; or grab doorstep interviews which may involve long hours waiting for the subject to turn up. Few are used to provide primary coverage of major stories, or set-piece events, but using them to film various elements of a piece means the dedicated camera operator and reporter are free to chase the other main parts of the story.
Reporters in some regional commercial stations operate both as video journalists and are also being trained in the use of desktop editing.
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